Saint Lucia is rich in wildlife, boasting a variety of species that are unique to the island due to its volcanic origin, tropical climate, and lush rainforests. The island’s biodiversity includes rare birds, reptiles, amphibians, and marine life, many of which are protected.
Wildlife in Saint Lucia
Birds (Avifauna)
Saint Lucia is a haven for birdwatchers with over 170 bird species, including five endemics (found only on the island):
- Saint Lucia Parrot (Amazona versicolor) – the national bird; vibrant green and blue plumage; endangered but recovering.
- Saint Lucia Oriole
- Saint Lucia Warbler
- Semper’s Warbler – critically endangered and possibly extinct.
- Saint Lucia Black Finch
Other notable birds:
- Antillean Crested Hummingbird
- Gray Kingbird
- Bananaquit
Reptiles
- Saint Lucia Anole (Anolis luciae) – endemic lizard.
- Saint Lucia Racer Snake (Erythrolamprus ornatus) – once considered the rarest snake in the world.
- Iguanas – both the native Saint Lucia Iguana and invasive species.
- Geckos and skinks – various local species thrive in the forests and near human settlements.
Amphibians
- Saint Lucia Whistling Frog (Eleutherodactylus johnstonei) – common throughout the island.
- Several species of tree frogs live in rainforest habitats.
Mammals
- Mostly introduced species like mongooses, rats, and bats.
- Native bats are the only indigenous mammals and play an important role in pollination.
Marine Life
- Coral reefs support colorful fish like parrotfish, sergeant majors, and butterflyfish.
- Sea turtles (Leatherback, Green, and Hawksbill) nest on Saint Lucia’s beaches.
- Dolphins and whales are often seen offshore.
Conservation Areas
- Des Cartier Rainforest Reserve – for birdwatching and nature trails.
- Maria Islands Nature Reserve – home to rare reptiles like the Saint Lucia Racer.
- Piton Management Area – a UNESCO World Heritage Site protecting forest and marine ecosystems.
Threats to Wildlife
- Habitat loss from development
- Invasive species
- Climate change
- Pollution and overfishing
Saint Lucia’s government, along with conservation groups, is actively involved in protecting endangered species and promoting eco-tourism.
