Montserrat’s housing system reflects its small population, British Caribbean heritage, and the challenges of rebuilding after the 1995 Soufrière Hills volcanic eruption, which rendered much of the southern part of the island uninhabitable.
Here’s a detailed overview:
1. Housing Types
Private Homes (Owner-Occupied)
- Most common form of housing.
- Many homes are single-family units built on individual lots.
- Styles range from traditional Caribbean wooden houses to modern concrete villas.
Rental Properties
- Available mostly in northern Montserrat (e.g., Lookout, Brades, Woodlands, Salem).
- Includes apartments, guest houses, and some duplexes.
- Limited in quantity—demand sometimes exceeds supply, especially for long-term rentals.
Government Housing
- Includes public housing schemes created in response to the displacement after the volcanic eruption.
- Areas like Lookout, Davy Hill, and Drummonds feature government-built homes.
- Aimed at resettling residents from the exclusion zone.
2. Post-Volcano Housing Development
The 1995–1997 eruption destroyed the former capital, Plymouth, and many southern villages. As a result:
- New housing developments were constructed in safe zones in the north.
- Major housing areas include:
- Lookout Housing Development – the largest government-built settlement.
- Davy Hill, Brades, Drummonds, and Salem also saw major growth.
3. Building Materials and Styles
- Most houses are made of reinforced concrete, suitable for hurricane and seismic resistance.
- Roofs are often pitched and made of galvanized metal or tiles.
- Design reflects Caribbean/British colonial styles, with verandas and large windows for ventilation.
4. Challenges in Housing
- Land Scarcity: Usable land is concentrated in the north; southern areas are still in the exclusion zone.
- Affordability: Construction costs are relatively high due to import dependence and limited local materials.
- Maintenance: Humid climate and occasional hurricanes require frequent repairs.
- Limited Financing: Mortgage options exist, but financing may be limited due to small banking sector.
5. Government Support and Policy
- The Montserrat Housing Unit (under the Ministry of Housing & Lands) manages:
- Public housing developments
- Home improvement assistance
- Land allocation for residential development
Past and Current Housing Programs:
- Subsidized housing for vulnerable groups.
- Disaster-resilient housing projects supported by UK aid.
- Ongoing efforts to improve infrastructure in housing developments (e.g., roads, water, electricity).
6. Real Estate Market
- Mostly driven by:
- Montserratians returning from abroad
- Regional professionals
- Some expatriates and retirees
- Land sales are active, especially in Lookout, Woodlands, and Salem.
- Property prices are moderate compared to larger Caribbean islands, but can vary by location and view.
Common Residential Areas in Northern Montserrat
| Area | Notes |
|---|---|
| Lookout | Largest housing development, modern homes, good infrastructure |
| Davy Hill | Mixed housing, close to Brades (the de facto capital) |
| Woodlands | Quiet, upscale area with sea views |
| Salem | Historic village, close to schools and churches |
| Drummonds | Well-developed, newer housing |
| Brades | Administrative and commercial hub, limited housing |
